Are violent video games bad for kids Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Are violent video games bad for kids - Term Paper Example However, some studies have also indicated positive side of video games on children. This paper explores the negative and positive influence of video games on children. Violent video games promote aggressive behavior among children. According to Coon and Mitterer, children who are addicted to violent video games are most likely to develop violent and anti-social behavior (263). Most violent video games are designed in such a way that the more violent a child is when playing, the more points he or she earns. Active involvement of children in violent scenes shapes their behavior into aggressive individuals as they grow up. The interactive nature of the video games creates a perfect learning mode for children to master the art of violence. Video games adversely impact on performance at school. Video games are addictive in nature leave too little time for children to do their homework (Craton Para 15). For example, a child who takes three-quarters of his or her time playing video game will have no adequate reading time and hence likely to record poor academic performance in school. Video games make children to live fantasy life and lose touch with reality. Children addicted to violent video games usually want to do the things they do see in the video games. However, the reality is that video games are packed with fictional scenes. For instance, children usually want to try shooting and or other queer behaviors rewarded in violent video games. However, video games also have some benefits to children who play them. Video games enhance critical thinking in children and enable them to integrate well in the society. The games engage the brain in active and constant abstract thinking (Coon and Mitterer 263). They sharpen mental skills of children by fostering instruction following, logical problem solving, planning resource use, multitasking, quick and effective decision-making skills among others. The present world is technology driven and demands people to

The Purpose and Historical Academic Use of Formatting Styles Essay Example for Free

The Purpose and Historical Academic Use of Formatting Styles Essay It is critical to acknowledge sources to further prove an honest academic work. There are three major citation styles namely Chicago or Turabian, MLA, and APA. The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, and commonly known as Turabian style is a style of formatting developed specifically for papers written in class and not for publication or for writing and formatting research paper. It enables the use of footnotes and or end note in combination with parenthetical referencing. Turabian style is named after the book’s original author, Kate Turabian with her study guide, â€Å"A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations†, and developed it for the University of Chicago. American Psychological Association or APA styling is necessary to prevent plagiarism and to maintain consistency among the different leagues of writing communities. APA is used in social sciences, education, engineering, and business adapted to present written material in the field. The editorial style is more like a formatting tool to ensure clear and consistent presentation of written material. The origin of APA dates back to February of 1929. The APA style was published in â€Å"Psychological Bulletin† as a result of 1928 meeting of representatives from anthropological and psychological journals to discuss the form of journal manuscripts and to write instructions for their preparation. The use of Modern Language Association of America (MLA) can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism or accidental and purposeful uncredited use of source material by other writers. It is addressed primarily to academic scholars, professors, graduate students, and other advanced-level writers of scholarly books and articles in humanities disciplines such as English and other modern languages and literatures. MLA style found its roots back in 1883 at The Johns Hopkins University, as a discussion and advocacy group for the study of literature and modern languages. MLA at present is the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of language and literature.

Edwin Muirs Poem The Horses Essay -- Horses Edwin Muir Essays

Edwin Muir's Poem "The Horses" "The Horses" is a poem by Edwin Muir. It tells the story of a world ravaged by nuclear war, where the few survivors live hopelessly in a desolate reality. Their outlook is changed by the arrival of the horses, a relic of the past which lets them rediscover humanity's bond with nature. "The Horses", as well as being a very beautiful and moving poem, has an important message to convey. The poet uses various methods to illustrate this. Throughout the poem, there are many biblical references. The nuclear war is described as a "seven days war", which is an allusion to Genesis, the creation and destruction of the world in seven days. This idea is furthered by the use of the phrases "our fathers' land" and "our fathers' time". The word 'covenant' has connotations of the 'Arc of Covenant', the Israelites sacred vow to God. And later in the poem, the horses are described as appearing from their own 'Eden', another biblical reference. This illustrates the importance of the poem's subject matter, by introducing a parallel to the Bible. It bears a resemblance to when God flooded the world, to wipe out all sin and allow the few on Noah's Ark to rebuild a new, better world. This poem also shows the totality of nuclear war. Although there are survivors, the ammount of death and destruction is immense. It takes so little time to destroy the world, in a way a punishment for mankind's vanity and arrogance. Technology, for so long thought to be a d...

My Favorite Gran Torino Character

The film Gran Torino, directed by Clint Eastwood, is about an old man named Walt. After the loss if his wife and barely any contact with his son, Walt decides to take on the korean family that lives next door. Their son, Thao Vang Lor tries to steal Walts Gran Torino for his cousin,spider, who is in a gang. In return for the accident that Thao had made, he started working for Walt doing any spare chores that be may have. Over time Thao and Walt become very close with one another, so close that Walt gives his life to save Thaos family from the gang.My favourite character i Sue, Thaos older sister brings a lot of joy to Walt and is always making sure he is happy. If it wasn't for sue, Walt would never have become close with the Vang Lor family. Sue has a very strong personality and shows no fear, even when others would. A scene that i quite like is where Sue has a date, and they are walking down the street when they come across a gang. They guys in the gang try to grab hold of sue but she stands up for herself by being smart to them. Oh great, another guy with a Asian girls fetish. God, this is getting so old! † I would recommend this film to older teens and adults. The film has a lesson that makes you realise that not every body is the same. It proves that under the right circumstances, people can change for the better or worse. In a story with such a vast variety of ethnic groups and rivalry, a light shines through with the friendships and bonding that is made. Comments witnessing recommend realise Character separate Pressured scared. Happiness gangster

Islam Worksheet Essay

When studying Islam, it is important to understand the essential elements of the faith, how they are practiced, and the distinctions among the three branches: Shiite Islam, Sunni Islam, and Sufism. Write a 1- to 2-paragraph response for each of the following directives and note where there are differences among the three branches of Islam. 1. Explain the meaning of the name, Islam. The literal translation of the word Islam is surrender or submission. The name Islam implies a complete surrender to Allah, and those who practice Islam are referred to as Muslims. The word Islam is derived from the Arabic word salam, which means peace or safety. Muslims believe that the reason for human existence is to surrender to the One True God, Allah (Molloy, 2010). 2. Explain the basic concepts of Islam. Islam teaches it followers (Muslims) that the Holy Quran is the literal word of God is an all-encompassing book and includes everything about Islam. One of the most fundamental concepts of Islam is the belief that only one God exists. Islam teaches many aspects about God that are similar to the teachings of Judaism and Christianity. Islam teaches that God has always existed, cannot be destroyed, knows everything, created the universe. Another basic concept of Islam is that God never had a son (Jesus); however, Islam does teach that Jesus was a prophet as was Muhammad, but Muhammad is believed to be the last of a number of profits, and he was sent to Earth by God to confirm the word of God to the world. The most fundamental beliefs or concepts of Islam are: †¢ There is only one True God †¢ No other being or thing is worth of worship, only the True God †¢ Muhammad is God’s messenger and the last prophet †¢ Every human who has ever existed will face God on Judgment day to account for his or her deeds and at this time, God will grant or deny admittance into Heaven. 3. Describe the practices of Islam. The main practices of Islam are concentrated in what are known as the Five Pillars of Islam. The Five Pillars of Islam, as outlined in the Quran are thought to be mandatory practices that each Muslim must practice. The Five Pillars of Islam are: 1) Shahada (Profession of Faith) – Muslims must verbally acknowledge the existence of only one God and Muhammad is God’s messenger. The creed, â€Å"There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger,† is spoken daily in prayer, and inscribed on and in Mosques (Molloy, 2010). 2) Prayer – Muslims are required to pray five times every day of the week; the prayers are required every day before dawn, at midday, at midafternoon, at sunset, and at nighttime. Muslims typically undergo a ritualistic cleansing of the hands, arms, face, and neck before prayer, and face toward Mecca when praying (Molloy, 2010). 3) Zakat (Charity to the Poor) – Muslims are required to give a percentage of the total of everything they own to the poor each year. In addition to giving to the poor, Muslims are expected to be generous and charitable toward the poor when they encounter an opportunity in their daily lives (Molloy, 2010). 4) Sawm (Fasting during Ramadan) – Ramadan is the ninth month of the year according to the Muslim calendar and the month during which it is believed that Muhammad began receiving revelations from God. As with various other religions, fasting is thought to bring spiritual growth; for Muslims the month-long fast help to form a bond and unite Muslims. During Ramadan, Muslims abstain from food, liquids, tobacco, and sexual activity from dawn until dusk. Ramadan ends with a feast to celebrate the Revelations given to Muhammad (Molloy, 2010). 5) Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca) – Every Muslim is required to visit Mecca (Hajj) at least once in their lifetime. A pilgrimage, as with other religions, is believed to bring about new understanding and personal transformations based on the spiritual goals of the religion. Only Muslims are permitted to enter the city of Mecca (Molloy, 2010). 4. Describe the goals of Islam. The goals of Islam are similar to the goals of other religions in that the religion is believed to be a moral and ethical authority in a world that is in a constant struggle between good and evil. Framing the world as in constants peril and painting itself as the moral and ethical authority, Islam (like other religions) seeks to regulate human life through rules, rituals, and other dogma (Molloy, 2010). Staying in the realm of regulating human life, Islam attempts to provide guidelines to enable Muslims to life a life as close to perfection (God) as possible. Islam also has developed controls and bans on specific activities, things, actions, etc. as a means of creating and maintaining social order and increase the happiness of Muslims (Molloy, 2010). 5. Describe the view of authority in Islam. The Islamic view of authority began with Muhammad; Muhammad combined political (civil) authority with spiritual authority, which is essentially a theocracy. However, modern Islam has split into two main branches that differ on their view of authority. Sunni’s, which accounts for the largest percentage of the world’s Muslim population, recognize a real difference between religious and civil authority. The Shiite Muslims; however, maintain the belief that both religious and civil authority should be centralized. Shiite Muslims place give all spiritual and religious authority to one person (Flesher, n.d.). The Qur’an serves as the primary source of information and authority for Muslims, much as the Bible does for Christians. With this in mind, evaluate Islam’s historical influences on law, philosophy, and the arts in the Muslim world. Write a 1- to 2-paragraph response for each of the following questions. Provide examples to illustrate your thinking. 1. What is the legal ideal in Islamic law? How does the Qur’an inform and guide Muslims in attaining this ideal? The legal ideal of Islamic law, which is known as Sharia, are laws that continually bring day-to-day life into closer coherence with the rules set forth in the Quran. The Quran provides numerous rules and rituals that must be followed by Muslims and lays the groundwork for Sharia. Muslims believe that the Quran is the literal word of God; they also believe that God cannot be separated from any aspect of human life. Therefore, traditional Islam is theocratic and seeks to impose the laws and rules of God upon everyone to help ensure human spiritual fulfillment (Molloy, 2010). 2. What is the relationship between philosophy and theology within Islam? Is it acceptable for Muslims to hold separate philosophical and theological beliefs? The relationship of philosophy and theology within Islam is as complicated as it is old. Many of the early philosophic questions had to be answered to ensure a uniform understanding of the Quran and its laws. However, these early philosophical questions were not truly philosophical because the question mixed religious revelations with human logic and reasoning. Aside from the philosophical questions that were asked during the emergence of Islam, most of the philosophical and theological questions that have emerged have been the result of the expansion of Islam and its contact with other religions (Molloy, 2010). There is no clear answer to the question of whether or not it is acceptable for Muslims to hold separate philosophical and theological beliefs, because throughout the history of Islam the discussion if philosophy and theology changes from a liberal to a conservative approach, and back again. Generally speaking, Islam has two philosophical schools; a liberal view that values human reasoning and sees it as a gift from God, and a conservative view that believes reason is false pride and favors intellectual submission. Although Islam does have a somewhat liberal faction that values reason and logic, for the vast majority of Muslims it is not acceptable to hold different philosophical and theological views. The majority of Muslims reject rationalism and promotes complete submission to God, which includes intellectual submission (Molly, 2010). 3. What artistic themes are regularly expressed in Islamic art and architecture? How are these themes explored? How has the Qur’an influenced the development of art in the Islamic world? Several themes are apparent in both Islamic art and architecture, such as the serious and simplistic style and the use of negative space to direct an individual’s attention to a specific area. Mosques can be large or small, grandiose or modest, bur regardless of the specific mosque or building, Islamic architects place a high value on space. The shaping of a building and the space symbolizes God, who is invisible but everywhere (Molly, 2010). Islam prohibits images of humans or animals, but despite that restriction, Islam has a vibrant artistic past. As with architecture, negative space is also used in art, but the theme that is most apparent in Islamic art is paradise. Most Muslim art includes some aspect of paradise as it is described in the Quran. One can find images or symbols of paradise on prayer rugs, paintings, and building architecture (Molloy, 2010). References Flesher, P. (n.d.). Exploring Religions. Islam Religious and Political Organization. Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/religionet/er/islam/iorg.htm Molloy, M. (2010). Experiencing the world’s religions: Tradition, challenge, and change (5th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Expository Essay Topics Facts and Issues to Build You Paper upon

Expository Essay Topics Facts and Issues to Build You Paper upon In this article you will get familiar with the basic rules and strategies which are important to keep in mind while writing an expository essay. Expository essays are the essays in which information, explanations about the subject or definitions about a particular are the primary requirements. The best way to present an expository essay is using the combination of facts and statistical information about the subject chosen. Describing the matter using examples is very important part of an expository essay. Writing your expository essay using different examples will give it a better look. One of the most important rules which must be kept in mind while writing an expository essay write to the point using specific ideas and information. A good expository essay should be written without using author’s emotions and in most cases passive voice must be used. So, the use of the active voice is strictly prohibited or in other words â€Å"I† must not be used in an expository essay. Expository essays have a distinctive format. Usually ideal expository essays start with a strong thesis statement. The thesis statement must be defined and strongly supported while writing the expository essay. The next parts are the supporting paragraphs, which should contain distinct controlling topics and all the other phrases must point towards their respective topics and must factually relate to topics. The use of transition phrases or words helps the reader to understand and reinforce the logic. The paragraph containing the conclusion must provide stress to the main thesis, and a couple of supportive ideas would give a perfect look. The finishing sentence of the expository essay must reflect the position of the writer in a meaningful way. Expository essay topics are easily available. The most difficult part is to choose the right topic for you. Different disciplines can be chosen as per the interest of the student or the requirement of the professor. There are many expository essay topics in mathematics, literature, arts, science, business, computer sciences etc. Few examples of popular expository essay topics are as follows: how doing math can be enjoyable, how the two-stroke engine works, what is meant by an ecosystem, World War II, advantages of speaking a second language, how art affects your daily life and many more. We believe that now you got acquainted to expository essays and are able to turn an ordinary essay into a perfect expository essay. But still if you have trouble and cannot decide which topic to choose, we are always ready to help you in writing your essays.

Tornado Dangers and Quick Safety Tips

Tornado Dangers and Quick Safety Tips Perhaps one of the most feared weather anomalies is the tornado. The unpredictability of a tornado produces terror in many families. Some people are so afraid they develop a phobia called lilapsophobia. A large part of this fear stems from the fact that tornadoes can develop with little warning and are extremely violent.   Tornadoes Cause Damage in Three Ways Strong Winds:  The strong winds of a tornado can rip just about anything off of the ground including trees, vehicles, and even houses. The winds inside of tornadoes travel at over 310 miles per hour. Even weak tornadoes can pull shingles and siding off of houses.Debris:  The second damaging effect of tornadoes is actually from the debris that the storm picks up. People have been buried alive by houses or mud picked up and then dropped by a tornado. Smaller objects become damaging projectiles when thrown by tornadoes. One tornado took a child’s bicycle and wrapped it around a tree!Hail and Lightning:  It is not only the wind that causes damage in a tornado, but also the hail and lightning that the storm produces. Large hailstones can damage cars and injure people, and lighting can cause fires and electrical problems. The Environment Suffers From Tornadoes Tornadoes produce devastating effects on the environment. They can uproot trees, cause mass migrations of animals, and destroy the habitats of local wildlife. Family Safety During a Tornado If there is a tornado approaching, what safety measures should you take? First, it is important to realize that there is no specific way to know if a storm is going to produce a tornado. Meteorologists have developed warning systems that tell them if a storm is capable of producing a tornado.   During severe weather, have a weather radio on.  They are relatively inexpensive and could save your life. If you hear the announcer say there is a tornado watch, that means the conditions are correct for forming a tornado. A tornado warning means a tornado has been spotted. If you hear a tornado warning, you may be in danger! If You Hear a Tornado Warning... First, find shelter in the lowest possible place, such as a basement. If your home does not have a basement, go to the innermost room. Stay clear of windows or anything heavy like furniture or appliances. A bathroom is a good location. Take your battery-powered weather radio to your shelter and turn it on. Kneel on the floor and cover your head with your hands. This is the best position to be in to avoid damage during a tornado. Should you be caught out in the open with a tornado approaching, do not try to outrun the storm. Find a low lying spot such as a ravine and crouch down with your arms over your head. Because tornadoes are so unpredictable, you are in much more danger if you try to outrun them. While tornadoes cause much damage in the areas where they hit, one good thing about tornadoes is that the area they damage is relatively small. If you take a few safety precautions, you have the best chance of making it through a dangerous tornado. Resources and Further Reading The Weather Watchers Library: Tornadoes by Dean GalianoTornado Alert! By Wendy Scavuzzo   Edited by Tiffany Means

Battle of Glendale (Fraysers Farm) - Civil War

Battle of Glendale (Fraysers Farm) - Civil War Battle of Glendale - Conflict Date: The Battle of Glendale was fought June 30, 1862, during the American Civil War and was part of the Seven Days Battles. Armies Commanders Union Major General George B. McClellanapprox. 40,000 men Confederate General Robert E. Leeapprox. 45,000 men Battle of Glendale - Background: Having commenced the Peninsula Campaign earlier in the spring, Major General George McClellans Army of the Potomac stalled before the gates of Richmond in late May 1862 after the inconclusive Battle of Seven Pines. This was largely due to the Union commanders overly-cautious approach and the incorrect belief that General Robert E. Lees Army of Northern Virginia badly outnumbered him. While McClellan remained idle for much of June, Lee relentlessly worked to improve Richmonds defenses and plan a counter strike. Though outnumbered himself, Lee understood his army could not hope to win a protracted siege in the Richmond defenses. On June 25, McClellan finally moved and he ordered the divisions of Brigadier Generals Joseph Hooker and Philip Kearny to advance up the Williamsburg Road. The resulting Battle of Oak Grove saw the Union attack halted by Major General Benjamin Hugers division. Battle of Glendale - Lee Strikes: This proved lucky for Lee as he had shifted the bulk of his army north of the Chickahominy River with the goal of destroying Brigadier General Fitz John Porters isolated V Corps. Attacking on June 26, Lees forces were bloodily repulsed by Porters men at the Battle of Beaver Dam Creek (Mechanicsville). That night, McClellan, concerned about the presence of Major General Thomas Stonewall Jacksons command to the north, directed Porter to fall back and shifted the armys supply line from the Richmond and York River Railroad south to the James River. In doing so, McClellan effectively ended his own campaign as the abandonment of the railroad meant that heavy guns could not be carried to Richmond for the planned siege. Assuming a strong position behind Boatswains Swamp, V Corps came under heavy attack on June 27. In the resulting Battle of Gaines Mill, Porters corps turned back numerous enemy assaults through the day until being forced to retreat near sunset. As Porters men crossed to the south bank of the Chickahominy, a badly shaken McClellan ended his campaign and began moving the army towards the safety of the James River. With McClellan providing little guidance to his men, the Army of the Potomac fought off Confederate forces at Garnetts and Goldings Farms on June 27-28 before turning back a larger attack at Savages Station on the 29th. Battle of Glendale - A Confederate Opportunity: On June 30, McClellan inspected the armys line of march towards the river before boarding USS Galena to view US Navy operations on the river for the day. In his absence, V Corps, minus Brigadier General George McCalls division, occupied Malvern Hill. While the majority of the Army of the Potomac had crossed White Oak Swamp Creek by noon, the retreat was disorganized as McClellan had not appointed a second-in-command to oversee the withdrawal. As a result, a large portion of the army was log-jammed on the roads around Glendale. Seeing an opportunity to inflict a decisive defeat on the Union army, Lee devised an intricate plan of attack for later in the day. Directing Huger to attack down the Charles City Road, Lee ordered Jackson to advance south and cross over White Oak Swamp Creek to strike the Union line from the north. These efforts would be supported by assaults from the west by Major Generals James Longstreet and A.P. Hill. To the south, Major General Theophilus H. Holmes was to aid Longstreet and Hill with an attack and artillery barrage against Union troops near Malvern Hill. If executed correctly, Lee hoped to split the Union army in two and cut part of it off from the James River. Moving forward, the plan quickly began to unravel as Hugers division made slow progress due to downed trees blocking the Charles City Road. Forced to cut a new road, Hugers men did not take part in the coming battle (Map). Battle of Glendale - Confederates on the Move: To the north, Jackson, as he had a Beaver Dam Creek and Gaines Mill, moved slowly. Reaching White Oak Swamp Creek, he spent the day attempting to push back elements of Brigadier General William B. Franklins VI Corps so that his troops could rebuild a bridge across the stream. Despite the availability of nearby fords, Jackson did not force the matter and instead settled into an artillery duel with Franklins guns. Moving south to rejoin V Corps, McCalls division, consisting of the Pennsylvania Reserves, halted near the Glendale crossroads and Fraysers Farm. Here it was positioned between Hooker and Kearnys division from Brigadier General Samuel P. Heintzelmans III Corps. Around 2:00 PM, Union guns on this front opened fire on Lee and Longstreet as they met with Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Battle of Glendale - Longstreet Attacks: As the senior leadership retired, Confederate guns unsuccessfully attempted to silence their Union counterparts. In response, Hill, whose division was under Longstreets direction for the operation, ordered troops forward to attack the Union batteries. Pushing up the Long Bridge Road around 4:00 PM, Colonel Micah Jenkins brigade attacked the brigades of Brigadier General George G. Meade and Truman Seymour, both of McCalls division. Jenkins attack was supported by the brigades of Brigadier General Cadmus Wilcox and James Kemper. Advancing in a disjointed fashion, Kemper arrived first and charged at the Union line. Soon supported by Jenkins, Kemper managed to break McCalls left and drive it back (Map). Recovering, the Union forces managed to reform their line and a seesaw battle ensued with the Confederates attempting to break through to the Willis Church Road. A key route, it served as the Army of the Potomacs line of retreat to the James River. In an effort to bolster McCalls position, elements of Major General Edwin Sumners II Corps joined the fight as did Hookers division to the south. Slowly feeding additional brigades into the fight, Longstreet and Hill never mounted a single massive assault which may overwhelmed the Union position. Around sunset, Wilcoxs men succeeded in capturing Lieutenant Alanson Randols six-gun battery on the Long Bridge Road. A counterattack by the Pennsylvanians re-took the guns, but they were lost against when Brigadier General Charles Fields brigade attacked near sunset. As the fighting swirled, a wounded McCall was captured as he attempted to reform his lines. Continuing to press the Union position, Confederate troops did not stop their assaults on McCall and Kearnys division until around 9:00 that night. Breaking off, the Confederates failed to reach the Willis Church Road. Of Lees four intended attacks, only Longstreet and Hill moved forward with any vigor. In addition to Jackson and Hugers failures, Holmes made little headway to the south and was halted near Turkey Bridge by the remainder of Porters V Corps. Battle of Glendale - Aftermath: An exceptionally brutal battle which included widespread hand-to-hand fighting, Glendale saw Union forces hold their position allowing the army to continue its retreat to the James River. In the fighting, the Confederate casualties numbered 638 killed, 2,814 wounded, and 221 missing, while Union forces sustained 297 killed, 1,696 wounded, and 1,804 missing/captured. While McClellan was roundly criticized for being away from the army during the fighting, Lee fretted that a great opportunity had been lost. Withdrawing to Malvern Hill, the Army of the Potomac assumed a strong defensive position on the heights. Continuing his pursuit, Lee attacked this position the next day at the Battle of Malvern Hill. Selected Sources Civil War Trust: Battle of GlendaleNPS: Battle of Glendale/Fraysers Farm CWSAC Battle Summaries: Battle of Glendale

Research data analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research data analysis - Assignment Example These organizations main objective is to enhance their business. To achieve the expansion in the business different types of companies focus on various issues. The majority of the issues focused in the process of boosting up the business, the following areas are focused: Evidence is available which supports that appropriately qualified managers and leaders make substantial difference in the business of any company. If they are not much trained then even on job training may be helpful in enhancing the performance (Margerison 1992). At the same time capacity building of the staff members has also got an important role in boosting any business. If this training activity is based on needs assessment then it influences more (E-HR 2006) (Tucker 2004). Moreover, if a learning analysis model is used then the efficiency at the training or workshop increases to a greater extent (Dorsett 2006). Proper management of finances and then investing them in appropriate way at right time has been very successful in pushing the business on upward track. So, essentially a substantial level of data support the possibility of good cost management results in better outcomes (Peccei 2004). To keep an eye on the progress of a business company, an effective monitoring strategy is needed. This strategy may focus on the performance of the employees in the office or field or the quality of the product by approaching the customer and then getting feedback from them. For good working class of employees any activity which relates to the performance appraisal is readily accepted by the staff and they take it as a positive point. So good appraisal is helpful in improving the level of confidence and eventually performance on the side of the employees (Tinkham 1993). The satisfaction of the consumer is key factor for the enhancement of any business. All the companies who make it a frequent practice to get some feedback from their customer and then work accordingly, they improve substantially. The effect of customer feedback is very important (Olorunniwo 2006). Data Analysis Qualitative section Themes and categories Poor staffing When the manager was hired and he joined the company, there was problem of shortage of staffing and other issues related to human resource, administration and logistics. He dealt with all these issues gradually. Training of staff and re-investment For the better functioning and upgradation of the company, the company needed capacity building of the staff in related areas and also investment with the capital which was taken care of accordingly. Competitors In the business community, competition with other companies is an important and continuous issue. There are ways of addressing this issue. The manager's option was working in the field in a cooperative manner with other competitors instead of using destructive ways. Consumer rights The company's priority has been the business with focus on the confidence of the consumers. Monitoring system To keep him and other workers at the company informed about the progress of the company with the response of the consumer, the company has established a system of monitoring with the help of surveys and comments from the consumers. This has been helpful in identifying any

Alcohol abuse in the college age population in Massachusetts Research Paper

Alcohol abuse in the college age population in Massachusetts - Research Paper Example rial, (Journal of American College Health, Promoting psychosocial adjustment and stress management in first-year college students: the benefits of engagement in a psychosocial wellness seminar). The world today has faced great challenges in getting long lasting solutions to solve alcohol abuse. This paper will critically evaluate measurable goals that can be implemented by widely spreading knowledge on effects of alcohol abuse. This paper will elaborate on the important roles public health nurse has on families, college students and perplexed parents. The quest for informed decision making in our colleges is a gap that has remained unfilled for several years now and the community in general. The paper will shed light on health problems, risks of certain terminal illnesses and alcohol dependence. In any given institution, the role of a qualified public health nurse is very important. Parents send the children to learning institutions with an aim to develop and nurture talents. This might not be the case if proper management is not put in place. Alcoholism has robbed off our youth’s potential and put the energies down the drain. With the aid of a public health nurse, our students in the institutions can benefit from the vast knowledge of a public health nurse. The main roles will to teach and provide all relevant information to the students to acquire on the side effects of alcohol, (Journal of Community Health, 2005 Alcohol Response and Consumption in Adolescent Rhesus Macaques: Life History and Genetic Influences Alcohol). The public health nurse will be of great importance in promoting healthy life styles. The nurse has the mandate to interpret relevant information to the students, families and the entire community. By so doing, the nurse will be in a better position to explain terms and the issues pertaining to alcohol intake and the pro and cons of the use of the substance. A valid example would be the public nurse will explain to the students the many

Key Elements of A Market Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Key Elements of A Market Analysis - Essay Example The market can be worldwide or just a three states. These boundaries are usually defined by the geographic areas in which the firm expects to be competing. The time component of market is affected by the stage of a product or service in its life cycle and the specific needs of the data user. An assessment of long-term potential is needed because major financial decisions have to be made about long-term commitments for plant, equipment, personnel, and the like. For existing products, market potentials usually cover shorter time periods because their primary purpose is to guide short-term decisions about production or promotion. However, as a product or service enters the later stages of maturity, longer-term potentials might again be sought to determine if and when it should be withdrawn from the market (Eden, Ackerman 1998). Regional demographic characteristics and population growth can help to identify number of potential consumers and main trends in sales. Slower population growth combined with increased competition (from both domestic and foreign sources) means that the market will become increasingly competitive. The firms that will succeed will be those that make best use of information. Using information effectively is not an easy task because of the vast amounts available. A firm that knows something about the demographics of its customers can use a clustering system to identify block groups that possess similar characteristics, and are thus high potential candidates (Simonson, Schmitt 1997). The addresses of customers can be traced to block groups, and the demographics of these block groups can be used to gain greater insights about the customers. Knowing the general demographics of groups will help a firm learn more about the characteristics of its customers. The information about income and life styles, the number of buyers and their geographical location allows the company to segment the market. Critics underline that a proper balance is needed when defining the market to be segmented. If the market is defined too narrowly, the emerging segments may be too specific to be of marketing value. Conversely, if the market is defined too broadly, the emerging segments are likely to be of little practical value from a marketing perspective. Also, a market analysis should take into account geographic limits, people or firms who might use the product, users and non-users, the size of the market, the emerging segments and regional differences. Stating the purpose of the segmentation activities at the outset establishes the amount of effort and expenditures needed in the remaining steps of the process. For Able Corporation, it is important to analyze new markets and assess their size and a number of customers. In this case, the potentials for each segments (old and new markets), when combined, identify the overall market for PEPT (Simonson, Schmitt 1997). Prices and competitors products are also a part of market analysis. Most products or services are available in different sizes and varying price levels. There are also a variety of sizes and price ranges for PEPT. Thus the product or service component of market should pertain to the market or market segment that is expected to be the focus of the firm's marketing efforts. Since durable products such as portable electric power tools are consumed over fairly long periods of time (until they become

Online poker Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Online poker - Research Paper Example shall be taken care of by the provision of online poker as it aims to provide a more secure setting for gambling and consequential feuds, vendettas and other illegitimate participatory activities. The most significant advantage, however, is vested in the fact that poker rakes will bring large amounts of revenue to the government. The revenue generation is steadily building over the years and it is not surprising that the gambling profits for the government are almost doubling over a period of every five years which makes online poker a very promising arena for revenue generation. Furthermore, the expansion of the poker during recent times such as improved disposable earnings giving customers additional time for relaxation and entertaining activities and the altering socio-demographic traits have worked as stimulants to customer using money on poker and other gambling activities reassuringly make it a sound ground for government

Comparative criminal justice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Comparative criminal justice - Assignment Example I found these three aspects interesting because they aim at making a prison stay comfortable. While prisoners should not live in squalid conditions, they still seem to be tended to with great care and many options to ensure that they thrive while in prison. The difference between prisoners’ rights and prisoners’ privileges is that rights must be granted to all prisoners, while privileges must be earned based on good behavior. Rights are determined by government and privileges are determined by the individual prisons and are not offered to all prisoners. A prisoner has the right and is entitled to healthcare and protection from bullying by other prisoners, but they must earn the opportunities to receive additional visits from friends and family. At the reception on the first day, prisoners are checked in and assigned numbers. They are interviewed and assessed so that they understand the rules of the prison and their rights, as well as available courses and required healthcare. All new prisoners are strip searched, and then given prison-standard clothing. The prisoners are then inspected by a nurse to determine if a prisoner is under the influence of drugs or prescribed medication, or are feeling suicidal. In the case that a prisoner is violent or considered a risk to themselves or others, segregation cells are made available for the prisoner to remain for a short period of time. Female prisoners are allowed to keep their infants with them in prison if the child is under eighteen months, or the woman gives birth while in prison, and the admissions board deems the situation required for the well-being of the infant. If the prisoner is denied their child or if the child is older than eighteen months, or if there are no available mother-baby units in any potential prison, outside arrangements must be made for the care of the child. Such arrangements can be made with family or Social Services, who will see to it that the child is cared for in a

Expedia Value Chain Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Expedia Value Chain - Assignment Example This research will begin with the statement that the value chain of an organization consists of all activities that are performed in order to achieve a competitive advantage in the industry. According to Michael Porter, the value chain consists of two types of activities. They are primary activities and support activities. The present research has identified that primary activities include inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service. Secondary activities include procurement, human resource management, technological development, and infrastructure. From this research, it is clear that Expedia uses technology in order to create an interface that enables customers to make bookings and reservations online. It is partnered with similar services helping its customers to search and sort cheap flights, hotels, car rentals, holiday destinations, and so on. Expedia partners with industry experts including Hotels.com, Egencia, Venere, Hotwire, etc. The te chnology department at Expedia works to allow customers to make their reservations online through the company interface. Such activities occur electronically to send customers their receipts. The Sales department takes care of all sales and support services provided by the company. Expedia runs social media marketing campaigns and also runs an affiliate program. The customer support staff is present to assist customers with the service.

Comparative criminal justice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Comparative criminal justice - Assignment Example I found these three aspects interesting because they aim at making a prison stay comfortable. While prisoners should not live in squalid conditions, they still seem to be tended to with great care and many options to ensure that they thrive while in prison. The difference between prisoners’ rights and prisoners’ privileges is that rights must be granted to all prisoners, while privileges must be earned based on good behavior. Rights are determined by government and privileges are determined by the individual prisons and are not offered to all prisoners. A prisoner has the right and is entitled to healthcare and protection from bullying by other prisoners, but they must earn the opportunities to receive additional visits from friends and family. At the reception on the first day, prisoners are checked in and assigned numbers. They are interviewed and assessed so that they understand the rules of the prison and their rights, as well as available courses and required healthcare. All new prisoners are strip searched, and then given prison-standard clothing. The prisoners are then inspected by a nurse to determine if a prisoner is under the influence of drugs or prescribed medication, or are feeling suicidal. In the case that a prisoner is violent or considered a risk to themselves or others, segregation cells are made available for the prisoner to remain for a short period of time. Female prisoners are allowed to keep their infants with them in prison if the child is under eighteen months, or the woman gives birth while in prison, and the admissions board deems the situation required for the well-being of the infant. If the prisoner is denied their child or if the child is older than eighteen months, or if there are no available mother-baby units in any potential prison, outside arrangements must be made for the care of the child. Such arrangements can be made with family or Social Services, who will see to it that the child is cared for in a

Individual Annotated Bibliography (IAB) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Individual (IAB) - Annotated Bibliography Example s a need for standards to govern ethics in business so that whenever we feel that an organization has done something wrong, we can have a valid rationale, as well as a systematic and widely understandable point of argument. Andrew Crane is a Professor of Business Ethics at the School of Business in Schulich. He joined the school in January of 2007. He has also been the Chair of Business Ethics of the International Center for Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSSR) in Nottingham Business School. Before that, he had been at Cardiff University; here, he had been involved in the setting up of BRASS. With all these credentials, this is a very credible author whose insight cannot be brushed aside for anything else. These authors discuss the main ethical theories and their potential and value for business ethics. In looking at ethical theories, they suggest two perspectives from which to look at it. These include ethical relativism and ethical absolutism. These authors argue that, for the purposes and reasons of practical decision making in business, the theories of ethical absolutism and ethical relativism do necessarily make for positions that are particularly useful. For them, pluralism is the answer to the problems related to business ethics. Pluralism, as they explain, occupies the middle ground between relativism and absolutism. According to the pluralism point of view that these authors vouch for, different moral backgrounds and convictions are acceptable, and at the same time, a consensus in rules and basic principles in certain contexts in social domains deserve to be reached. Further on, these authors provide a line of thought that states that in business there is just benefit and harm to define morality. They get this statement from Kaler (1999). According to it, wrong and right are mainly to do with providing benefits and aiming to avoid harm at all times. The authors also criticize the egoistic theory of ethics. They state that the theory can and may only

Serenade lyrics Essay Example for Free

Serenade lyrics Essay He who believeth in Ja shall not be condemned But he that believeth not is condemned already Only because he has not believed In the name of the only begotten son, my Lord For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood, show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky Yeah, why would you leave somethin you love here to die In the cold and it grows like a concrete rose Beautiful, aint I? Till I withered and died On insane streets you left me and, screamin Lord let me in I dont know where to begin since I lost your love But then again your love was strictly for the drugs I dont know whether to hug or to fill you with slugs Fuckin them whores instead of claimin whats rightfully yours Hole in my heart from all the pain you caused With no direction you left your first born lost Give or take a few cause my hate for you Grew, over the years through blood, sweat, and tears I wanted to be just like you, my father figure, now I wanna fight you You bitch nigga, left me lone and parts of me never out grown The fact that you left home when moms was so strong Dont let them get you fed, this world is yours, she said Now nothin that stoppin me but two to the head In life theres more to come when its all said and done You lost one, love, your only begotten son For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood, show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky But what a nigga live for and damn ready to die young Im the shadow behind the gun look at what Ive become The feared of many niggas, the floss of most bitches The love that runs deepest in the hearts of street niggas Raised in the ghetto by the ghetto, was taught young to pop the metal Thats how shit get settled, learn to cook up the coke Never leave home without toast Learn to fly my bitches with birds and furs not coats Never trust ya from a toddler to hustla I was trained as a youngsta to cock back and slug ya Love me or hate me, ya only son Let me live or kill me, the chosen one Ja, under the gun gotta kill em for show If you want it you gonna get more then you askin for Lifes got more to come but when its all said and done You lost one, love, your only begotten son For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood, show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood, show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky I wanted to be forever yours, looking now at nothin more than Two lost souls lookin to meet at the cross roads I burn the hydro, lay back with my eyes closed In deep thought like Brittany is somethin Id die for How the fuck do you sleep at night? Knowin you wrong the only thing you ever did right Despite the loss I stretch the length of a short Now I got a new father whose name is New York Runnin wild in the streets with heat, we dont talk Cause when its cold you basically live life in dark When light would shine from the heavens And bless one, Ja Rule love, your only begotten son For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood, show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood, show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky For he so feared the world he left his only begotten son To shed his blood, show that pain is love But I wont cry cause I live to die Wit my mind on my money and my guns to the sky Serenade (Franz Schubert) (1797-1828) Schuberts immortal Serenade was written in 1826. it is so familiar that it needs no analysis, nor is one necessary from any point of view. It is simply a lovely melody from first note to last, written upon the inspiration of the moment, and yet characterized by absolute perfection of finish and a grace and beauty of which one never tires. It was originally composed as an alto solo and male chorus and was subsequently rearranged for female voices only. The circumstances of its composition as told by Schuberts biographer, Von Hellborn, are of more than ordinary interest. Von Hellborn says: Rhythm Generally means a movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions (Anon. 1971, 2537). Rhythm of Serenade (1943) Patriotic musical romance. After her school is closed, teacher Ann tries to join up. However, she is persuaded to organise a nursery for a munitions factory.

Admiral Kurtz In Apocalypase Now :: essays research papers

Admiral Kurtz Apocalypse Now is a film about madness. In this film, Willard, played by Charlie Sheen, is sent through madness, reminiscent of Dantes' journey through hell. His mission is to kill Kurtz, who’s gone insane according to military intelligence. Kurtz has gone on his own, starting his own society in Cambodia, where his troops and the local tribes worship him as a god. Kurtz has committed murder by waging his own ferocious, independent war against Vietnamese intelligence agents with his own native Montagnard army across the border in an ancient Cambodian temple deep in the jungle. General Corman explains the confused insanity of the war: "In this war, things get confused out there, power, ideals, the old morality, and practical military necessity." The colonel has become a self-appointed, worshipped godlike leader/dictator of a renegade native tribe. General Corman describes Kurtz's temptation to be deified: "Because there's a conflict in every human heart between th e rational and the irrational, between the good and the evil. The good does not always triumph. Sometimes the dark side overcomes what Lincoln called the better angels of our nature. Therein, man has got a breaking point. You and I have. Walter Kurtz has reached his. And very obviously, he has gone insane." Kurtz’s motivation behind his actions is his need to feel godlike, to act without judgment. In Kurtz' camp, a site of primitive evil, they are greeted by a crazed, hyperactive, fast-talking, spaced-out free lance photo-journalist played by Dennis Hoper. The babbling combat photographer, garlanded by his camera equipment, hopes for their sake, that they haven't come to take away Colonel Kurtz. He describes the great awe all the natives have for their jungle lord: "Out here, we're all his children." The photojournalist appears to be a fanatical follower of Kurtz, worshipping the enigmatic, genius "poet-warrior" Kurtz as a personal god and expounding Kurtz's cause: "You don't talk to the Colonel, you listen to him. The man's enlarged my mind. He's a poet-warrior in the classic sense...I'm a little man. He's a great man. I should have been a pair of ragged claws, scuttling across floors of silent seas, I mean...He can be terrible. He can be mean. And he can be right. He's fighting a war. He's a great man." He offers first-hand advice from his own e xperience: "Play it cool, laid back...You don't judge the Colonel." Willard is impressed by Kurtz's power over the people.

Capital Punishment is Necessary :: Papers

Capital Punishment is Necessary Capital punishment is necessary in order for justice to prevail. Capital punishment is the execution of criminals for committing crimes that is in regard as so bad that death is the only acceptable punishment. Capital punishment servers to lower the murder rate, but also has value as a form of retribution. Its fairness is determined by the judicial system. As a form of punishment, it saves money when compared to a life sentence. The death penalty deters murder and puts the fear of death into would be killers. A person is less likely to kill, if he fears a possible sentence for his action. Another way the death penalty may help deter murder is the fact that if the killer is death, he or she will not be able to kill again. There are two different opinions on the death penalty. There are those who think that murders deserve to live and serve a life sentence in jail, and those who are supporters of the death penalty as a form of revenge. Both groups want to make examples out of offenders so that the threat of death will be enough to deter from capitol offenses. Some people prefer to give the murder life in prison. Others argue that the punishment does not out the crime. In support of their position, they point the fact that many prisoners do not serve their full sentence. Some prisoners even live very comfortable. Thus burdening taxpayers with the cost of their incarceration some people feel that it is ok and others feel that criminals live in prison off of other people's hard money. In the ending, criminals must think about consequences before they kill someone. To give a killer the death penalty would reassure the family of victims as well as the problems.

Business: International Trade and B. Technology

BUS100 Sample Exam 1 Student: 1. Which of the following organizations is an example of the goods-producing sector of the economy? A. Ford Motor Company B. Florida State University C. Children's Hospital D. H ; R Block Tax Consulting 2. Which of the statements about demography is most accurate? Demographic studies: A. focus on factors that have great political relevance, but little relevance to business firms. B. suggest that the number of two-income families will decline in the future. C. rovide business and individuals with insights into business and career opportunities of the future. D. are an important source of information about changes in weather and climate. 3. Public schools, charities and government agencies are not classified as businesses because they: A. have not been incorporated. B. do not seek to earn a profit. C. provide services rather than goods. D. do not have any stockholders. 4. In order to make an intelligent investment decision, entrepreneurs should: A. limit their options to those business investments that are backed by the U. S. government. B. nvest in businesses that have generated a stable rate of profit for at least the past ten years. C. invest only in business opportunities where it is possible to take an active role in management. D. compare the risks of potential investments to their expected profits and find the right balance between profit and risk. 5. Which of the following entails the greatest amount of risk? A. Working for the government. B. Working for a large business. C. Working for a small business. D. Starting a business. 6. Which of the following policies would tend to foster entrepreneurship? A. establishing a currency that is tradable on world markets. B. establishing more regulations to protect the environment. C. developing policies to reduce corruption between individuals. D. allowing public ownership of businesses.7. When businesses sell to other businesses over the Internet, these transactions are known as: A. B2C transactions. B. e-wholesale transactions. C. B2B transactions. D. intermediate e-commerce transactions.8. Which of the following is an advantage of utilizing technology? A. Technology increases the cost of production. B. Technology reduces the need for a marketing plan. C. Productivity increases. D. Management becomes isolated from the demands of stakeholders.9. All around the world, countries are trying to create more wealth by: A. raising taxes. B. selling government-owned businesses to private individuals. C. restricting trade with other countries in order to protect local busine sses. D. attempting to attain more gold through foreign trade.10. ___________ means producing items with the least amount of resources. A. Efficiency B. Technology C. E-production D. Productivity11. In the nation of Equalia, many businesses are privately owned, but the government owns some of the basic businesses and has developed many social programs designed to promote social equality. The economy of Equalia would be considered an example of: A. pure capitalism. B. socialism. C. mercantilism. D. communism.12. __________ unemployment refers to those people who have quite work because they didn't like the job, the boss, or the working conditions and who haven't yet found a new job. A. Frictional B. Structural C. Cyclical D. Seasonal13. One benefit of the rights and freedoms of capitalism is that: A. people feel safe and don't take any risks in business. B. people are willing to take more risks than they would otherwise. C. eople don't have to choose where they will work. D. the pric es of needed products are always very low.14. __________ unemployment refers to unemployment caused by the restructuring of firms or by a mismatch between the skills of job seekers and the requirements of available jobs. A. Frictional B. Structural C. Cyclical D. Seasonal15. Which of the following statements provides the most accurate comparison of socialism and communism? A. Under socialism the government owns most businesses, while under communism the church owns most businesses. B. Both socialism and communism want to achieve a more equal distribution of income and wealth, but under communism the government takes more control over people's lives. C. Socialism strives for an equal distribution of income but communism wants income to go primarily to those who own and operate private businesses. D. Communism believes that the government should always strive to balance its budget, while socialism accepts deficit spending as the price of achieving true equality.16. A collapse in the n ational banking system of Lasia has resulted in a condition where prices are actually declining. This condition is known as: A. disinflation. B. deflation. C. contra inflation. D. overproduction.17. One of the most significant problems faced by communist economies is: A. a great inequality in the distribution of wealth and income. B. severe inflationary pressures due to rapid economic growth. C. too little government regulation of economic activity. D. persistent shortages of basic goods such as food and clothing.18. Thomas Malthus was pessimistic about the ability of societies to achieve high standards of living for most of their citizens because he believed that: A. the government had a natural tendency to run deficits that would eventually bankrupt the country. B. population growth would result in shortages of food and resources. C. owners of businesses would deliberately exploit their employees in an attempt to earn greater profits, and this would ultimately lead to a worker's r evolt. D. high tax rates would eventually undermine people's incentives to work hard and create wealth.19. Which of the following statements about the Federal Reserve System (the Fed) is most accurate? A. The Fed is an agency of the U. S. Treasury Department that has the responsibility of collecting tax receipts for the IRS. B. The Fed manages the U. S. money supply and interest rates. C. The Fed is the primary government agency involved in carrying out our nation's fiscal policies. D. The Fed is the agency of the government that ensures the U. S. maintains enough gold reserves to pay any foreign debts that result from international trade.20. The nation of Nadiria is in the midst of a terrible economic downturn. The nation's GDP has been declining steadily for over five years and is now at its lowest level in over fifty years. Nadiria's unemployment rate is at an all time high and the nation's CPI is falling. Nadiria is experiencing a: A. period of stagflation. B. balance of trade d eficit. C. depression. D. retraction.21. Mortavia is a small nation that has followed protectionist policies for many years. Which of the following would be an example of a nontariff barrier established by Mortavia? A. Establishment of a tax levied on imported goods so that foreign products are more expensive than competing domestic goods. B. Establishment of a tax levied on imported goods designed primarily to raise money for the government. C. Establishment of restrictive quality standards requiring foreign firms to make expensive modifications in their products before they can be sold in Mortavia. D. Participation in the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations.22. The two basic types of tariffs are: A. goods and services. B. general and limited. C. comparative and absolute. D. revenue and protective.23. __________ is an arrangement whereby someone with a good idea for a business sells the rights to use the business name and sell a product or service to others in a given territory in a specified manner. A. Franchising B. Contract manufacturing C. Import trading D. Export trading24. The difference between money coming into a country (from exports) and money leaving the country (for imports) plus money flows from other factors such as tourism, foreign aid, and military expenditures is referred to as the: A. balance of payments. B. balance of trade. C. balance of money flows. D. exchange rate.25. The largest importer in the global market today is: A. Japan. B. Russia. C. Germany. D. the United States.26. The emerging nation of Lancerland has enacted a tariff on imported petroleum in order to raise money for their new government. This trade restriction is an example of a(n) ________ tariff. A. revenue B. rotective C. percentage D. fixed27. A Mexican firm has agreed to trade petroleum to an American importer in return for U. S. made computers. This arrangement is an example of: A. a letter of credit arrangement. B. a nontariff trade. C. arbitrage. D. barter.28. The â €Å"second wave† of offshore outsourcing refers to: A. moving jobs to South America in addition to China. B. moving skilled service jobs such as those in accounting offshore. C. moving jobs to India in addition to China. D. moving manufacturing jobs offshore.29. One advantage of free trade is: A. jobs are shifted to low-wage global markets. B. service jobs are moved overseas. C. advanced production operations are built in low-wage countries. D. innovation for new products occurs and keeps firms competitively challenged.30. Casey is typical of many U. S. businesspeople. Casey feels the U. S. culture should be the model for the rest of the world, and that the â€Å"American way† of doing things is the best. Casey is guilty of: A. ethnic plagiarism. B. ethnocentricity. C. culture shock. D. counter culture.31. After developing a code of ethics, it should be communicated to: A. everyone with whom the business has dealings. B. the Attorney General in jurisdictions where the business has operations. C. all levels of management. D. stockholders.32. Management and employees at Boyer Enterprises are given time off each year to work in local charities. This firm clearly practices: A. corporate philanthropy. B. social irresponsibility. C. community mediation services. D. participative funding.33. A friend offers to share with you a term paper she prepared for her Introduction to Business class last semester. When you tell her that it wouldn't be fair, she reminds you of your habit of reading an entire Harry Potter book at the local bookstore without paying for the book. Which ethics-based question would be the most helpful in evaluating these situations? A. Is it legal? B. Am I acting fairly? C. Who wins and who loses? D. Will I get caught?34. Environmental quality is considered to be a public good. This means that: A. ultimately it is the public that pays for environmental clean up. B. businesses have a responsibility to minimize their environmental polluti on. C. everyone enjoys a cleaner environment regardless of who pays for it. D. society places a higher value on private goods and services.35. The first step when facing an ethical dilemma is to ask: A. â€Å"Is it legal? † B. Is it balanced? † C. â€Å"How will it make me feel about myself? † D. â€Å"Is it ethical? â€Å"36. When working with international firms, U. S. businesses: A. tend to ignore the ethics of their international partners. B. expect socially responsible behavior from their business partners. C. feel that their responsibility is limited to the United States. D. try to avoid judging our international business partners by U. S. standards.37. Which of the following is the most important step to help improve America's business ethics? A. middle management support B. training C. enforcement D. identification of the organizational ethics officer38. The danger in writing new laws to correct behavior is that: A. people may begin to think that any be havior that is within the law is acceptable. B. people will see the difference between ethics and legality. C. legal behavior will reflect the totality of people's proper relations with one another. D. there will not be enough jails to house those who break the law.39. Critics of corporate social responsibility view spending money on CSR as: A. a necessary evil. B. stealing from investors. C. important for America. D. moving toward capitalism.40. Obeying the law is ________ ethical behavior. A. essentially the same as B. the first step towards C. the opposite of D. unlikely to lead to41. One of the newest items on the Cajun Cookin' menu is a spicy Cajun-burger. Sondra was quite surprised to learn that how she made this burger was regulated by the: A. Federal Trade Commission. B. Food and Drug Administration. C. Federal Nutritional Association. D. State Board of Food Examiners.42. One of the reasons you bought your mom a name-brand mixer for Mother's Day was that it came with a full warranty. This means that: A. the mixer is guaranteed to last for 10 years with normal use. B. the mixer will make wonderful baked goods as well as pasta. C. the mixer will be repaired or replaced at no charge if it is defective. D. only the motor is covered by the mixer manufacturer.43. One result of deregulation in the airline industry has been: A. less intense competition. B. increase aviation related fatalities. C. higher prices for consumers. D. lower prices for consumers.44. You agree to sell your car to your neighbor for $5,000. You and your neighbor have provided each other: A. duress. B. consideration. C. an endorsement. D. an expressed warranty.45. Which of the following do school districts utilize to generate needed funding? A. sin tax B. sales tax C. property tax D. income tax46. The remedy for a tort is: A. imprisonment. B. a breach of contract. C. bankruptcy. D. monetary compensation.47. Which of the following protects the original work of authors and artists (i. e. , their books, photos, or cartoons)? A. a trademark B. a copyright C. the Uniform Commercial Code D. a patent48. The Griggs v. Duke Power Company (1971) case established a precedent on the need to use job-related tests in employment practices. Similar court cases have been decided based on this decision. This is an example of: A. common law. B. statutory law. C. administrative law. D. criminal law.49. Which of the following is a requirement for commercial paper to be considered a negotiable instrument? It must: A. be signed in approval by a third party. B. contain a conditional promise to pay. C. be a promise to pay a specified amount of money. D. be an oral agreement between two or more parties.50. In which of the following does the creditor start legal procedures? A. debtor initiatives B. voluntary bankruptcy C. involuntary bankruptcy D. creditor restructuringBUS100 Sample Exam 1 Key 1. (p. 20)A 2. (p. 16)C 3. (p. 7)B 4. (p. 4-5)D 5. (p. 8)D 6. (p. 12)A 7. (p. 14)C 8. (p. 13)C 9. p. 12)B 10. (p. 13)A 11. (p. 41)B 12. (p. 47, figure 2. 6)A 13. (p. 36)B 14. (p. 47, figure 2. 6)B 15. (p. 42)B 16. (p. 47)B 17. (p. 42)D 18. (p. 31)B 19. (p. 51)B 20. (p. 49)C 21. (p. 76)C 22. (p. 75-76)D 23. (p. 67)A 24. (p. 64)A 25. (p. 60)D 26. (p. 76)A 27. (p. 74)D 28. (p. 81)B 29. (p. 62; figure 3. 2)D 30. (p. 71)B 31. (p. 97)A 32. (p. 99-100)A 33. (p. 92)B 34. (p. 106)C 35. (p. 92)A 36. (p. 108)B 37. (p. 97)C 38. (p. 90)A 39. (p. 99)B 40. (p. 90)B 41. (p. 585, figure A. 4)B 42. (p. 579)C 43. (p. 588)D 44. (p. 580)B 45. (p. 584)C 46. (p. 576)D 47. (p. 578)B 48. (p. 574)A 49. (p. 580)C 50. (p. 586)C

Ielts Preparation Essay

Onam is one of the greatest festivals of INDIA. It is celebrated with Joy and enthusiasm all over the Country by all communities. It is celebrated in the beginning of September. It is a celebration of 10 days. The Legend of ONAM is, It is celebrated to welcome the King Mahabali, whose spirit is said to visit India at the time on ONAM. The story goes that, the beautiful state of Kerala was once ruled by a Demon King , Mahabali. The king was greatly respected in his kingdom and was considered to be wise, judicious and extreamly generous. It is said that Kerala witnessed its golden era in the reign of King Mahabali. Everybody was happy in his kingdom and there was no discrimination on the basis of caste or class. Rich and poor were equally treated. There was neither crime nor corruption. People did not even lock their doors, as there were no thieves in the kingdom, there was no poverty sorrow during his reign and everybody was Happy. Looking at his fame and growing popularity, Gods became jealousy on him, and send him to an unknown world(nether world), Since Mahabali is o attached to the people of India, before send him to the nether world, the God gave him a boon to visit India once in a Year. During his visit India celebrate as ONAM. During the 10 days festival, The government declared as a Public holidays for School and colleges. During the festival; all the families gather together and celebrate. There are various sports loke Snake Boat rice, Elephant race, tug of war etc are celebrated. People bun w dresses, and it is festival of unity and happiness.

Marketing Case Study with Questions and Answers

CHAPTER 13: THE MARKETING OF SERVICES ADDITIONAL CASE STUDY NEW LINE IN MOBILE PHONES One of the oldest principles of marketing is that sellers may sell features, but buyers essentially buy benefits. This is a distinction sometimes lost on technology led organisations, and the service sector is no exception. Recent experience of the UK’s largest telecommunications company, Vodafone Airtouch, illustrates how crucial it is to see service offers in terms of the benefits they bring to customers.The company was aware of extensive research which had found high levels of confusion among purchasers of mobile phones, with a seemingly infinite permutation of features and prices. With four main networks to choose from, dozens of tariffs and hundreds of handsets, it easy to see why buyers sought means of simplifying their buying process. Throughout the 1990s, Vodafone had positioned its UK network as superior technically to its competitors. Advertising focused on high coverage rates and c all reliability. Vodafone was the UK's most popular mobile phone operator, with almost eight million customers, including 4. million Pay as you Talk customers. It had opened the UK's first cellular network on 1 January 1985and was the market leader since 1986. Vodafone's networks in the UK – analogue and digital – between them carried over 100 million calls each week. It took Vodafone more than 13 years to connect its first three million subscribers but only 12 months to connect the next three million. Vodafone had the largest share of the UK cellular market with 33% and had more international roaming agreements than any other UK mobile operator. It could offer its subscribers roaming with 220 networks in 104 countries.Despite all of the above, Vodafone was aware that although it was recognised as an extremely strong business in the corporate marketplace, it was not so strong in the market for personal customers. Research indicated that personal buyers bought Vodafone for essentially rational reasons rather than having any emotional attachment to the brand. The success of the competing Orange network, which had developed a very strong image, was a lesson to Vodafone that many people did not understand many of the product features on offer, but instead identified with a brand whose values they could share.Vodafone recognised that it needed to be perceived as adding value to a consumer’s lifestyle?. Given the increasing complexity of product features, positioning on technical features was likely to make life more confusing for personal customers. An alternative approach was needed which focused on image and lifestyle benefits. The company decided to hire Identica – the consultancy that originally created the One 2 One brand – to revamp its brand communications and advertising strategy in an effort to make Vodafone more appealing to personal customers.Identica created a new ‘visual language’ for the Vodafone brand. Vodafone became involved in the biggest ever TV, press, poster and radio advertising campaign in its 15 year history. Employing a completely new style, the new advertising centred around the theme: ‘You are now truly mobile. Let the world come to you' and featured a new end-line – Vodafone YOU ARE HERE. The campaign demonstrated how Vodafone's products and services were designed to make life easier for its customers. The campaign, created by BMP DDB, was worth ? 20 million over two months alone and ran for the whole year.Bringing meaning to the Vodafone brand and what it represented, a series of advertisements, through a range of media, showed how Vodafone let the world come to its customers, enabling them to be truly mobile. This portrayed how Vodafone always pioneered to make things more possible for its customers in a wire-free world. In press and poster executions, Vodafone used arrows photographed in various real life situations to depict its flagship services, e. g. a weather vane was used to illustrate the Vodafone Interactive weather service showing how weather information could be brought to customers through their mobile.Each advertisement again had the Vodafone YOU ARE HERE end-line. The arrows indicated the directional approach of Vodafone, letting the world come to the customer. Other executions illustrated cinema listing information, sports updates, share price information, international roaming and the Vodafone Personal Roadwatch 1800 service. The change in emphasis by Vodafone seemed to be timely. The mobile phone industry was facing a new wave of confusing product features hitting consumers, with the development of Wireless Access Protocol (WAP) phones and the newer â€Å"Third generation† phones due to be launched in 2001.It seemed inevitable that all of the competing networks would be offering confusing permutations of features with their service, so Vodafone calculated that, given similar levels of reliability and sophis tication by all networks, a favourable image and lifestyle association would be an important source of competitive advantage. Given the right image with existing technology, there would be a strong probability that consumers would migrate with the brand to the new technology when it arrived. Source: adapted from Vodafone Image Shift†, Marketing, 4th May, 2000 and Vodafone Home Page, http://www. vodafone. co. uk ADDITIONAL CASE STUDY REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. Identify the principal benefits to customers which derive from a mobile phone. What differences are likely to exist between market segments? 2. Is a strong brand identity on its own a source of sustainable competitive advantage? To what extent must this be backed up by real product features? 3. Are goods different to services in the way that a distinction is made between features and benefits?

Crime and punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Crime and punishment - Essay Example Christian’s study was ethnographic in nature. The study involved observation of families as they travel to various New York prisons to visit their loved ones. The study also involved observation of family members during family support group meetings for prisoners’ families and related activities for a period of 200 hours (Christian 35). In addition, the study involved open-ended interviews with prisoners’ family members. The interviews featured 19 family members with the samples comprising girlfriends, wives, one brother, and mothers (Christian 35). The study established that many prisoners are never visited by their family members for a variety of reasons. Some of the main reasons behind this trend include financial constraints, distance between home and prison, severed or strained relationships with the person incarcerated, and issues related to prison bureaucracy. As such, the study reveals that visiting a prisoner involves the expenditure of finance, time, energy, and other resources (Christian 44). The study established that the family members that visit their loved ones in prison do so for a variety of reason including: to provide moral support to the prisoner; to watch over the prison system against mistreating prisoners; to secure hope for a different future (parole), and to provide basic needs to the prisoners (Christian 40-44). The study further established that the relationships between prisoners and their family members are fluid and change over time. The research reveals that incarceration has unintended consequences on families as some people end up severing their relations with prisoners (Christian, 46). The relations are also affected due to the high demands associated with prison visits. Yet another factor that affects families’ visits relate to their relationship with the prisoner before incarceration and the prisoner’s efforts toward self rehabilitation. Christian’s study which

How far does the development of children s theory of mind contribute Essay

How far does the development of children s theory of mind contribute to their ability to manage emotions - Essay Example Many branches of psychology do exist but our major concern here is the branch called developmental psychology. When one talks of developmental psychology, he is referring to the systematic study of the psychological changes that occur in humans as they grow and throughout their entire life span. At its inception, the field of developmental psychology targeted mainly infants and children. However, with time, the field has evolved to embrace the adolescents, adults, aging and the entire life span to be precise. The changes studied under developmental psychology range from motor skills to psycho-physiological concerns. Similarly, cognitive changes especially skills such as problem solving, ethical and moral perceptions are also considered (Louw, 2003). Other developmental areas considered include but are not limited to emotional development, conceptual understanding, self-image formation (basically called self-concept) and identity formation. It is important to note that developmental p sychology is concerned with growth as per the gradual accumulation of knowledge and mostly considers individual stages of development such as infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, late adulthood and aging. Each developmental stage has its psychological developments analyzed, compared to the general norm and hence identify anomalies in development. This paper seeks to explain how the development of children’s theory of mind contributes to their ability to manage emotions (Richardson, 2000). The distinction of the age range within each stage of development or within a single stage say childhood or adolescence varies from one community to another. These distinctions are not fixed and they vary greatly depending on the culture and the social orientation of the society doing the distinction. For instance, the age at which an individual is seen as a juvenile varies from one state to another and therefore it is automatic that the age of at which one converts to an adult

Evangelical and Pentecostal Christianity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Evangelical and Pentecostal Christianity - Essay Example In my essay, I am going to do a comparison and contrast essay which is based on evangelical and pentecostal Christianity and how these are mainly focused in a specific region. In dealing with evangelical and pentecostal Christianity, it is important to examine their similarities especially where they come together in their ideologies. They come together especially in their universality of their teachings and the timelessness ( Wolffe, 2002). They tend to agree with each other in their teachings and philosophies which are inherently tied to each other and are especially predominant when they are dealing with conflict or tension situations where they actually see eye to eye. It is also important to take into account that because we are dealing with these religions, I am using the Wolffe's perspective on a lot of these issues. He suggests that it is predominantly in the developing world that Evangelism and Pentecostal Christianity have their strongest foothold with particular emphasis being placed on Latin America (2002). In examining the criteria for their comparison, it is noteworthy to mention that Pentecostal religion and Evangelism have similarities in that they are especially geared towards migrants and people from a similar ethnic background-a sort of common background that brings about ethnic groups with similar ideologies together (Wolffe, 2002). Another obvious identifying feature of Pentecostal and Evangelicals is that they both believe that the Bible is divinely inspired and believe that the Holy Spirit is involved in the evangelical process. Here we see this to be true especially in the Western world with the rise of evangelicals who speak under the authority of the Holy Spirit and therefore have the ability to prophesy and speak in tongues (Wolffe, 2002). Evangelical and Pentecostal Christianity have been a trend of the late centuries and are actually a breakaway from Protestanism which split from Catholicism in the 16th century. But it was not until the 18th century, that we see visibly the Evangelical movement that rose from the Protestant reformation (Wolffe,2002). Since they are ethnically geared so to speak towards people from similar ethnic backgrounds, they formed the backbone for a lot of the revivals of the movement in regions such as Northern Ireland where "it gained from being an important focus for Protestant identity in the face of ongoing struggles over the constitutional status of the province (Wolffe, 2002, p.20)." There was in Ireland, considerable turmoil and conflict between the Catholics and the Protestants and due to their common interests and struggles, the Evangelicals formed a common bond to come together. Whereas by contrast where Pentecostal and Evangelical Christianity differed, was in "its teachings of the need for Christians to be baptized in the Holy Spirit, as a second intense spiritual experience subsequent to conversion. Pentecostalism was particularly successful among the black and Hispanic communities in the USA, and from the 1950s onwards gained significant ground in the UK as a result of West Indian immigration (Wolffe, 2002,p.21)." Again we see the trend where the minorities form the backbone for the rise of the Evangelical and Pentecostal movement in the Americas and the United Kingdom. Although our focus in this essay, will be the rise in these two movements, I will focus more on the developments in the United kingdom, the USA, and Latin America. The former two countries are more industrialized but the last Latin America is more on the less advantageous side economically speaking. In the United Kingdom, for instance, we see statistically speaking an increase in numbers among the Pentecostal and Evangelical Christians. This is denoted by the rising numbers who are church attendants. The famous evangelist Billy Graham from the United States on making his visit to the United Kingdom drew very large audiences (Wolffe, 2002). In the early

International business Wipro case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International business Wipro case - Essay Example There is plenty of available labor for programmers and engineers at low cost in India. This paper provides the answers to three discussion questions. Outsourcing work has become a very popular business strategy in the 21st century. This business tendency began to manifest itself in the latter half of the 20th century. General Electric is a giant company that due to its size has become a bit static and its overhead and operating costs have been on the rise. In order to take corrective action to stop the rising cost from hurting the profitability of the company GE when it started doing business with Wipro in 1989 that the Indian based firm could served as valuable business allied and partner. The company began to outsource a lot of its contracts to Wipro because the company could provide valuable technical assistance at fraction of the cost of doing the same tasks in house. By the late 1990’s the outsourcing of contracts to Indian companies help GE achieve $300 million in savings. These savings allowed to company to become more competitive since lower overall costs meant the company could offer more competitive prices. These types of outsourcing contracts help the US economy instead of hurting it. The general public sometimes thinks that outsourcing is taking jobs away from American Citizens. I guess a simplistic view of the issue would anyone think that since companies such as GE eliminate labor requirements by outsourcing, but the truth of the matter is that outsourcing has saved millions of US jobs by allowing American firms to compete in the global marketplace. When a company out sources certain tasks it lowers its operating costs which enables firm to lower its overall cost structure so that companies such as GE can compete with foreign companies operating in developing nations. Such process improvements allows the manager to fulfill the goal of maximizing shareholder’s wealth (Garrison & Noreen, 2003). As

Can a torturer be tried anywhere in the world Discuss the concept of Essay

Can a torturer be tried anywhere in the world Discuss the concept of universal jurisdiction of the 1984 Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment - Essay Example Article 1 of the CAT 1984 act contains requirements that the forbidden acts be inflicted to a person with the consent of a public official or any other person acting in an official competence1. The CAT 1984 requires that signatories take appropriate measures aimed at ensuring that they end torture within the jurisdiction in their territories and to term all cases of torture as criminal cases. Unlike other international bodies and agreements prohibiting torture, CAT gives a general definition and description of the term torture2. In the convention, it is clearly stated that each state party is entitled to take judicial and legislative measures aimed at preventing torture within the territories of the state party. The clause also states that no circumstance whether wars or internal political instabilities or any other emergency of political interest shall be cited as justification of torture. This means that a torturer is subjected to trial and must be prosecuted if found guilty of torture irrespective of the state party he or she is residing at that particular period3. It is enshrined in the constitution under 3 that no party can eject a victim of torture to another country/state, instead, cases of torture must be dealt with at the state party where the victim was faced with the case. For instance, it means that law to allow the Germany government, if they chose to; prosecute a U.S official for torture crimes committed in Iraq. The definition of word torture, which emerged in the Torture Declaration, was not considered as precise and was largely criticized by Mach lawyers, researchers and scholars on various points. Various discussions resulted in a more precise and elaborate though more complex. This definition appears in the Torture Convention, article 1, paragraph 1. Torture is thus defined as an act that causes physical or mental pain or suffering when

Difference Between Management Skills and Entrepreneurship Essay Example for Free

Difference Between Management Skills and Entrepreneurship Essay What do you think is the difference between management skills and entrepreneurship?. How do they contribute to the economic success of a business? Management skills is about making an existing business work effectively and efficiently, organizing and coordinating the activities according to certain policies and achieving clearly defined objectives (i. e. vision, mission). Usually, the foundation of the business has been laid and established. It involves planning, controlling, leading and directing and the managers are usually focused on managing and growing the business Entrepreneurship is someone who transforms innovation into a business process especially for market which never exists, often associated with uncertainties. An entrepreneur will look for changes, respond to it and seize it as an opportunity. The next step is to assemble a team, locate resources, raise the needed capital and start the new business idea. An entrepreneur is flexible in adapting to the rapid changing to the market conditions and ideas which are important factors in developing strategies for a company’s growth. The economy has become more competitive and more demanding, thus the pressure of having the best management skills and entrepreneurship skills are becoming more important. Management skills will ensure that an established organization is managed effectively and efficiently towards achieving clearly defined objectives.

Stance Against Animal Testing

Stance Against Animal Testing Each year, more than 100 million animals are killed in U.S. laboratories (Experiments on animals: Overview). One hundred million per year is an overwhelming amount considering how little progress is made from animal testing. There is no justifiable reason for making living beings suffer when the biological makeup of animals and humans is so different and there is a plethora of alternatives. Defenseless animals are put in an overwhelming amount of pain being tested on for mankinds own selfish benefit which is unethical and immoral. They are subjected to the torture of constantly being poked and prodded with needles, forced to ingest/inhale, their skin being burned off, holes drilled into their skull, being isolated and confined to a cage, along with many other traumatic experiences until their death, in addition to having to deal with the after effects of the procedures being inflicted upon them all for experiments that do not ensure the results will be similar to those ofÂÂ   humans. 78,294 animals subjected to severe pain near, at, or above the pain tolerance threshold of unanesthetized conscious animalsÂÂ   according to the statistics of Canada in 2013. This is an astonishing amount of animals forced to go through agonizing pain for the sake of human research in just one year. Reports conclude that even the minimal standards set forth by the AWA are not bein g met by these facilities This shows that these animals are not even being provided the least bit of comfort or care during these experiments. These animals are being tortured and treated inhumanely for the testing of food, drugs, cosmetics, and medical research when the information being collected is not completely accurate and there areÂÂ   many other alternatives (Experiments on Animals: Overview Peta). Since animals and humans are so different, testing on animals does not correctly show how a drug or chemical will react on a human. Animals and humans organs, nervous systems, cellular makeup, and physical bodies are not similar enough to be considering an animals reaction to something anywhere near the same as a humans might be. Even if a new chemical entity is deemed safe at animal stage, it only has an 8 percent chance of being approved for human usage (Ericson) A mere eight percent is not worth taking an animals life over. Currently, nine out of ten experimental drugs fail in clinical studies because we cannot accurately predict how they will behave in people based on laboratory and animal studies (Experiments on Animals: Overview). This is only one out of ten experimental drugs being successful based on animal studies. Millions of animals are being made to suffer and die for barely any progress. There are plenty of new advances in science and technology that provide ways of testing that do not include bringing any harm to animals and give more accurate information. One of these alternatives is called the chemosynthetic liver.ÂÂ   A veteran chemist, Mukund Chorghade, came up with the idea to start with liver cells and created a chemical compound that is the chemosynthetic liver. The chemosynthetic liver has the ability to run a drug through it and tell the exact results of how it would work going through a living human being, making it easier and faster to catch anything wrong. In one sample trial, the chemosynthetic liver caught a particularly nasty metabolite that would have set the developer back millions of dollars and countless hours of research. It did so by providing a level of specificity that would otherwise have required about 1,000 rats and 100 dogs This confirms the staggering difference between using the chemosynthetic liver versus testing on an animal. The method saves not only time and money, but animal lives as well. Though still in its early phase, the method has already proven viable in 50 similar sample studies. This verifies that the chemosynthetic liver has proven to be a reliable way of testing so far, and is worth further developing. In addition to the chemosynthetic liver another way of testing that is becoming more common is computer modeling. Many researchers now have access to advanced computer software capable of mimicking and replicating many of the functions of the human body. These programs allow researchers to study the effects of any changes to the human body without testing these changes on animals By using computer models that can predict human body reactions more precise data is being gathered while sparing animal lives. There is also stem cells, which are cells that can develop into any human tissue or structure. By using stem cells, researchers can create specialized organ tissues to study diseases and other abnormalities without involving any living beings (Alternatives to Animal Testing) Stem cells have the advantage of actually being made into human tissue which is significantly more accurate than testing on an animal while not causing any harm. This just further proves that there is no need to test on animals with the advanced technology we have today. Since animal testing proves to only have an 8 percent chance of being deemed safe for human usage (Ericson), causes animals excruciating pain and there are alternatives such as the chemosynthetic liver, computer modeling, and stem cells available, animal testing is not needed in this day and age. In conclusion, animal testing is cruel and unnecessary. Works Cited Alternatives to Animal Testing. Research in Context, Gale, 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CYODOBR772899801it=rasid=eee040ce3e96ced50100e71b505e0887. Accessed 3 Feb. 2017. Animal Experimentation. Gale Student Resources in Context, Gale, 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CLPQUWH681386081it=rasid=6208c5056307c4d43ea2338d2acc392c. Accessed 3 Feb. 2017. Animal Testing. Gale Student Resources in Context, Gale, 2015. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CVWTFPN342363283it=rasid=3563c04c5e6bec653161845916a9d290. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017. Ericson, John. Breakthroughs Might Mean the End of Animal Testing. Newsweek, 28 Mar. 2014, p. 1. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA362262525it=rasid=382274e7e9beddd55d2ce864c779052e. Accessed 3 Feb. 2017. Experiments on Animals: Overview. PETA, PETA, www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/animals-used-experimentation-factsheets/animal-experiments-overview/.